| Автор | Südhof, Thomas C |
| Дата выпуска | 2001 |
| dc.description | ▪ Abstract α-Latrotoxin, a potent neurotoxin from black widow spider venom, triggers synaptic vesicle exocytosis from presynaptic nerve terminals. α-Latrotoxin is a large protein toxin (120 kDa) that contains 22 ankyrin repeats. In stimulating exocytosis, α-latrotoxin binds to two distinct families of neuronal cell-surface receptors, neurexins and CLs (Cirl/latrophilins), which probably have a physiological function in synaptic cell adhesion. Binding of α-latrotoxin to these receptors does not in itself trigger exocytosis but serves to recruit the toxin to the synapse. Receptor-bound α-latrotoxin then inserts into the presynaptic plasma membrane to stimulate exocytosis by two distinct transmitter-specific mechanisms. Exocytosis of classical neurotransmitters (glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine) is induced in a calcium-independent manner by a direct intracellular action of α-latrotoxin, while exocytosis of catecholamines requires extracellular calcium. Elucidation of precisely how α-latrotoxin works is likely to provide major insight into how synaptic vesicle exocytosis is regulated, and how the release machineries of classical and catecholaminergic neurotransmitters differ. |
| Формат | application.pdf |
| Издатель | Annual Reviews |
| Копирайт | Annual Reviews |
| Название | α-LATROTOXIN AND ITS RECEPTORS: Neurexins and CIRL/Latrophilins |
| DOI | 10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933 |
| Print ISSN | 0147-006x |
| Журнал | Annual Review of Neuroscience |
| Том | 24 |
| Первая страница | 933 |
| Последняя страница | 962 |
| Аффилиация | Südhof, Thomas C; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Basic Neuroscience, and the Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Texas 75390-9111, e-mail: Thomas.Sudhof@UTSouthwestern.edu |
