Single-Vortex Nucleation in Rotating Superfluid <sup>3</sup>He-B
Ü Parts; V. M. H. Ruutu; J. H. Koivuniemi; Yu. M. Bunkov; V. V. Dmitriev; M. Fogelström; M. Huebner; Y. Kondo; N. B. Kopnin; J. S. Korhonen; M. Krusius; O. V. Lounasmaa; P. I. Soininen; G. E. Volovik; Ü Parts; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; V. M. H. Ruutu; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; J. H. Koivuniemi; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; Yu. M. Bunkov; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; V. V. Dmitriev; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; M. Fogelström; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; M. Huebner; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; Y. Kondo; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; N. B. Kopnin; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; J. S. Korhonen; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; M. Krusius; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; O. V. Lounasmaa; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; P. I. Soininen; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland; G. E. Volovik; Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology 02150 Espoo, Finland
Журнал:
EPL (Europhysics Letters)
Дата:
1995-09-10
Аннотация:
Nucleation of vortices in units of one quantum has been observed with c.w. NMR in a rotating cylinder filled with <sup>3</sup>He-B. During acceleration a new vortex is created each time the counterflow velocity at the perimeter reaches a critical value v<sub>c</sub>(T, p). The measured v<sub>c</sub> resembles the calculated velocity v<sub>cb</sub>(T, p) of the bulk superflow instability, but is smaller by a factor with power law dependence on the superfluid coherence length. This indicates that a nucleation event takes place whenever the flow exceeds v<sub>cb</sub> locally at the nucleation site and the nucleation barrier vanishes.
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