| Автор | R O Davies |
| Дата выпуска | 1956-01-01 |
| dc.description | This article reviews certain aspects of irreversible thermodynamics. There are two main parts. The first part considers the Onsager theory of the approach to equilibrium of isolated systems under non-uniform conditions. The whole system is treated as being made up of macroscopic but small sub-systems, which are in `local equilibrium' in the sense that they can be described in terms of the same variables as are needed in equilibrium. Applications dealt with include (a) the transfer of matter and energy between two phases (including the Joule-Kelvin effect); (b) the equations of motion of a viscous fluid in an external field. The second part considers the case of uniform systems which are not fully describable in terms of the equilibrium variables but which may still be treated phenomeno-logically by introducing ordering parameters. They are usually described as `relaxing systems'. The examples discussed are (a) the approach to equilibrium of glass-forming liquids, (b) ultrasonic absorption, (c) visco-elasticity (which involves tensorial ordering parameters). The review concludes with bibliographical notes on those parts of irreversible thermodynamics not considered earlier. |
| Формат | application.pdf |
| Издатель | Institute of Physics Publishing |
| Название | The Macroscopic Theory of Irreversibility |
| Тип | rev |
| DOI | 10.1088/0034-4885/19/1/309 |
| Electronic ISSN | 1361-6633 |
| Print ISSN | 0034-4885 |
| Журнал | Reports on Progress in Physics |
| Том | 19 |
| Первая страница | 326 |
| Последняя страница | 367 |
| Аффилиация | R O Davies; Physics Department, Queen Mary College, London E.1 |
| Выпуск | 1 |
