Emergence of macroscopic temperatures in systems that are not thermodynamical microscopically: towards a thermodynamical description of slow granular rheology
Jorge Kurchan; Jorge Kurchan; PMMH Ecole Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielles, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cédex 05, France
Журнал:
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Дата:
2000-07-24
Аннотация:
A scenario for systems with slow dynamics is characterized by stating that there are several temperatures coexisting for the sample, with a single temperature shared by all observables at each (widely separate) timescale. In preparation for the study of granular rheology, we show within this framework that glassy systems with driving and friction that are generic and do not correspond to a thermal bath - and whose microscopic `fast' motion is hence not thermal - have a well-defined macroscopic temperature associated with the slow degrees of freedom. This temperature is what a thermometer coupled to the system will measure if tuned to respond to low frequencies, and, since it can be related to the number of stationary configurations, it is the formalization of Edwards' `compactivity' ideas.
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