Phonons in liquid <sup>4</sup>He from a heated metal film. I. The creation of high-frequency phonons
M A H Tucker; A F G Wyatt; M A H Tucker; Dept. of Phys., Exeter Univ., UK; A F G Wyatt; Dept. of Phys., Exeter Univ., UK
Журнал:
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Дата:
1994-04-11
Аннотация:
For a very short (t<sub>p</sub><0.25 mu s) Joule heating pulse in a metal film heater submerged in liquid <sup>4</sup>He at low temperatures (T<0.1 K), the phonons created in the liquid separate into distinct low-frequency and high-frequency distributions. Phonons of intermediate frequencies are absent from the signal because they spontaneously decay to lower frequencies. High-frequency phonons above the decay cut-off ( omega > omega <sub>c</sub><sup>( infinity </sup>)) are stable as T to 0. We find that for a heater power of 10 mW mm<sup>-2</sup>, these high-frequency phonons are not distributed over the available frequency range up to the maxon, but are concentrated in a narrow band around omega <sub>c</sub><sup>( infinity </sup>). Times of flight show that the distribution of high-frequency phonons depends upon pressure P such that the peak is always at the pressure dependent decay cut-off omega <sub>c</sub><sup>( infinity </sup>)(P). We suggest that the majority of these detected high-frequency phonons are produced in the liquid <sup>4</sup>He by frequency up scattering processes amongst the injected phonons.
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