Polarization mode dispersion is modelled as decoherence of polarization under the disturbance of environment and the coupling with frequency. This model is described by the quantum master equation and the Langevin equation. It can be predicted that the optical beam is depolarized exponentially in a fibre and the differential group delay (DGD) is proportional to the square root of the propagation distance. The distribution of the DGD can also be calculated.