The California Department of Education has adopted a school accountability program with three main components: a statewide summary report, individual school performance reports, and local school self-reports of effectiveness. This article discusses implementation of the accountability program, its structure and function, selection of performance indicators, and recognition of schools. A survey of school officials found strong support for the concept of accountability, but weak agreement on the specific means used to implement it. Comparisons with other state and federal programs are drawn.