| Дата выпуска | 1984 |
| dc.description | The Polysorbates are a series of polyoxyethylenated sorbitan esters that are used as hydrophilic, nonionic surfactants in a variety of cosmetic products. Polysorbates are hydrolyzed by pancreatic and blood lipases; the fatty acid moiety is released to be absorbed and metabolized, whereas the polyoxyethylene sorbitan moiety is very poorly absorbed and is excreted unchanged. Acute and long-term oral toxicity in animals indicates a low order of toxicity with oral ingestion of the Polysorbates.Polysorbate 80 was shown to be nonmutagenic in the Ames and micronucleus tests. The Polysorbates were noncarcinogenic in laboratory animals. Multiple studies have shown that the Polysorbates enhance the activity of known chemical carcinogens while not actually being carcinogenic themselves.Extensive clinical skin testing showed Polysorbates to have little potential for human skin irritation or evidence of skin sensitization or phototoxicity. The available data indicate that these ingredients are used in numerous preparations without clinical reports of significant adverse effects. It is concluded that they are safe for use in cosmetics at present concentrations of use. |
| Издатель | SAGE Publications |
| Название | 1 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Polysorbates 20, 21, 40, 60, 61, 65, 80, 81, and 85 |
| Тип | Journal Article |
| DOI | 10.3109/10915818409021272 |
| Electronic ISSN | 1092-874X |
| Print ISSN | 1091-5818 |
| Журнал | International Journal of Toxicology |
| Том | 3 |
| Первая страница | 1 |
| Последняя страница | 82 |
| Выпуск | 5 |
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| Библиографическая ссылка | 337. CTFA. (June 25, 1973). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Polysorbate 80.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 338. CTFA. (April 25, 1974). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety test summary: Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 339. CTFA. (June 10, 1976). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 340. CTFA. (Aug. 11, 1977). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Polysorbate 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 341. CTFA. (Feb. 17, 1978). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 342. HILL TOP RESEARCH (HTR). (Nov. 19, 1976). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. The study of cumulative irritant properties of a series of test materials: bubble bath containing Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 343. HTR. (Jan. 19, 1977). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. The study of cumulative irritant properties of a series of test materials: bubble bath containing Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 344. HTR. (Oct. 6, 1977). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. The study of cumulative irritant properties of a series of test materials: lotion containing Polysorbate 40.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 345. HTR. (Oct. 6, 1978). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. The study of cumulative irritant properties of a series of test materials: cream containing Polysorbate 40.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 346. HTR. (Oct. 17, 1979). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. The study of cumulative irritant properties of a series of test materials: moisturizer cream containing Polysorbate 40.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 347. HTR. (Oct. 6, 1978). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. The study of cumulative irritant properties of a series of test materials: cream containing Polysorbate 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 348. HTR. (Oct. 6, 1978). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. The study of cumulative irritant properties of a series of test materials: cream containing Polysorbate 85.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 349. Mezei, M. (1975). Effect of polysorbate 85 on human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 64(3), 165–8. |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 350. Marsh, R. J., and Maurice, D. M. (1971). The influence of nonionic detergent and other surfactants on human corneal permeability. Exp. Eye Res. 11(1), 43–8. |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 351. Hannuksela, M., Kousa, M., and Piril A. V. (1976). Contact sensitivity to emulsifiers. Contact Dermatitis 2(4), P201–4. |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 352. Anonymous. (Aug. 16, 1971). Cream bases for topical agents can cause dermatitis. JAMA 217, 893, 896. |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 353. Brehm, K. (1973). Side effects of ointment bases and cream bases and their preserving agents. Fette, Seifen, Anstrichm. 75(7), 443–5. |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 354. Maibach, H., and Conant, M. (Dec. 1977). Contact urticaria to a corticosteroid cream: polysorbate 60. Contact Dermatitis 3(6), 350–1. |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 355. Sicart, M., Besse, P., Choussat, A., and Bricaud, H. (March 1977). Hemodynamic effects of intravenous amiodarone in humans. Arch. Mal. Coeur 70(3), 219–27. |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 356. CTFA. (June 21, 1974). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Tween 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 357. CTFA. (April 11, 1975). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Tween 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 358. CTFA. (1970). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Polysorbate 20. Washington, DC* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 359. RESEARCH TESTING LABS. (Nov. 26, 1976). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Human subject patch study.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 360. CTFA. (1970). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Polysorbate 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 361. CTFA. (1976–1977). Submission of unpublished data. CIR safety data test summary: Polysorbate 80.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 362. LEO WINTER ASSOCIATES (LWA). (July 1980). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Prophetic patch and in-use testing: shaving foam containing Polysorbates 60 and 80.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 363. CTFA. (Aug. 1980). Submission of unpublished data. Prophetic patch and in-use testing: Polysorbates 60 and 80.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 364. CTFA. (Nov. 1980). Submission of unpublished data. Prophetic patch and in-use testing: Polysorbates 60 and 80.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 365. LWA. (March, 1975). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Predictive patch and in-use testing: moisturizer cream containing Polysorbate 85.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 366. CTFA. (Nov. 1, 1976). Submission of unpublished data. Allergic contact sensitization test: Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 367. CTFA. (Feb. 15, 1980). Submission of unpublished data. Allergic contact sensitization test: Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 368. CTFA. (May 26, 1978). Submission of unpublished data. Allergic contact sensitization test: Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 369. LWA. (Aug. 1, 1977). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Repeated insult patch test: lotion containing Polysorbate 40.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 370. LWA. (Aug. 1, 1977). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Repeated insult patch test: lotion containing Polysorbate 40.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 371. LWA. (Nov. 1978). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Repeated insult patch test: lotion containing Polysorbate 40.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 372. CTFA. (July 30, 1973). Submission of unpublished data. Repeat insult patch test: Polysorbate 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 373. CTFA. (Dec. 16, 1977). Submission of unpublished data. Allergic contact sensitization test: Polysorbate 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 374. FOOD AND DRUG RESEARCH LABS. (Oct. 3, 1973). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Allergy testing program.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 375. LWA. (Jan. 1979). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Repeated insult patch testing: cream containing Polysorbate 80.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 376. LWA. (Jan. 1979). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Repeated insult patch testing: cream containing Polysorbate 85.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 377. IVY RESEARCH LABS. (Nov. 15, 1976). Submission of unpublished data by CTFA. Appraisal of sensitizing potential of four products by maximization testing.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 378. CTFA. (1981). Submission of unpublished data. Cosmetic experience submission for CIR: formula FI-9522 containing Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 379. CTFA. (1981). Submission of unpublished data. Cosmetic experience submission for CIR: formula FI-1599 containing Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 380. CTFA. (1981). Submission of unpublished data. Cosmetic experience submission for CIR: formula FI-9113 containing Polysorbate 20.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 381. CTFA. (1981). Submission of unpublished data. Cosmetic complaint experience.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 382. CTFA. (1981). Submission of unpublished data. Cosmetic experience submission for CIR: formula FI-9627 containing Polysorbate 60.* |
| Библиографическая ссылка | 383. CTFA. (1981). Submission of unpublished data. Shaving preparation with 2 percent Polysorbate 60: Complaint experience.* |
