| Автор | Pfaffendorf, Martin |
| Дата выпуска | 1998 |
| dc.description | The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is one of the main targets in the pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular diseases. Inhibitors of the angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) have been in clinical use for years and a great deal of experience exists with this particular group of drugs. However, the therapeutic effect is based on the inhibition of an enzyme (ACE) that is not very specific. Another substrate is bradykinin, a well-known mediator of inflammation and a potent inductor of vasodilatation and bronchoconstriction. Dur ing therapy with an ACE inhibitor, the inactivation of bradykinin by cleavage of the carboxyterminal end of this nonpeptide is blocked as well, with the result of bradykinin accumulation. The pattern of adverse effects seen with ACE inhibitors is mainly determined by bradykinin-mediated actions such as edema and cough. Therefore, the inhibition of the RAAS at the level of the transmitter-receptor interaction seems to be a logical development. Because nonpeptide (ie, orally active) angiotensin II (AT) receptor antagonists are available, this concept can be proven. |
| Издатель | Sage Publications |
| Название | Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors an Angiotensin II-Receptor Antagonists |
| Тип | Journal Article |
| DOI | 10.1177/108925329800200305 |
| Print ISSN | 1089-2532 |
| Журнал | Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia |
| Том | 2 |
| Первая страница | 222 |
| Последняя страница | 230 |
| Аффилиация | Pfaffendorf, Martin, University of Amsterdam, Department ofPharmacology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
| Выпуск | 3 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Brunner HR, NussbergerJ, Waeber B. Effects of angiotensin converting inhibition: A clinical point of view. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol7:73-81, 1985 (suppl 4) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | TheCONSENSUS Trial Study Group: Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure: results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). N Engl J Med316:1429-1435, 1987 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Captopril-Digoxin Multicenter Research Group: Comparative effects of therapy with captopril and digoxin in patients with mild to moderate heart failure. JAMA259:539-544, 1988 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Ball SG, for the AIRE Research Group: Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. Lancet342:821-828, 1993 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Duncia JV, Carini DJ, Chiu AT: The discovery of DuP 753, a potent, orally active nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Med Res Rev12:149-191, 1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Erdos EG, Skidgel RA: The unusual substrate specifity and the distribution of human angiotensin I converting enzyme. Hypertension8:I-34-I-37, 1986 (special lecture) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Morice AH, Lowry R., Brown MJ, Higenbottam T.: Angiotensin-converting enzyme and the cough reflex. Lancetii:1116-1118, 1987 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Anderson MW, deShazo RD: Studies of the mechanisms of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-associated angioedema. The effect of an ACE inhibitor on cutanous responses to bradykinin, codeine, and histamine. J Allergy Clin Immunol85:856-858, 1990 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Ritter JM, Cockcroft JR, Sciberras DG, Goldberg MR: Clinical pharmacology of angiotensin and bradykinin in human forearm vasculature . J Hypertens 11:S59-S61, 1993 (suppl 3) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Goldberg MR , Tanaka W., Barchowsky A., et al: Effects of losartan on blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and angiotensin II in volunteers . Hypertension 21:704-713, 1993 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Christen Y. , Waeber B., Nussberger J.: Dose-response relationships following oral administration of DoP 753 to normal humans. Am J Hypertens 4:350S-353S, 1991 (suppl) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Dzau VJ, Sasamura H., Hein L.: Heterogeneity of angiotensin synthetic pathways and receptor subtypes: Physiological and pharmacological implications. J Hypertens11:S13-S18, 1993 (suppl 3) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Tigerstedt R., Bergman PG: Niere und Kreislauf. Scand Arch Physiol8:223-271, 1898 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Goldblatt H. , Lynch J., Hanzal RF, Summerville WW: Studies on experimental hypertension. I. The production of persistent elevation of systolic blood pressure by means of renal ischaemia. J Exp Med 59:347-379, 1934 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Peach MJ, Dostal DE: The angiotensin II receptor and the actions of angiotensin II. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol16:S25-S30, 1990 (suppl 4) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Vallotton MB : The renin-angiotensin system. TIPS 8:69-74, 1987 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Guyton AC: Blood pressure control-special role of the kidney and body fluids . Science 252:1813-1816, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Peach MJ: Renin-angiotensin system: Biochemistry and mechanisms of action. Physiol Rev57:313, 1977 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Skeggs LT, Kahn JR, Schumway NP: The preparation and function of the angiotensin-converting enzyme . J Exp Med 103:295-299,1956 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Ferrario CM , Brosnihan KB, Diz DI: Angiotensin-(1-7): A new hormone of the angiotensin system. Hypertension 18:III-126-III-133, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Campbell DJ : Circulating and tissue angiotensin systems . J Clin Invest 79:1-6, 1987 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Phillips I. , Mann Jfe, Haebara H., et al: Lowering of hypertension by central saralasin in the absence of plasma renin. Nature 250:445-447, 1977 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Gross F.: The regulation of aldosterone secretion by the renin-angiotensin system under various conditions. Acta Endocrinol124:41-64, 1968 (suppl) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Lees KR, MacFadyen , Doig JK, Reid JL: Role of angiotensin in the extravascular system. J Hum Hypertens 7:S7-S12, 1993 (suppl 2) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Weber MA, Prudy RE, Drayer Jim: Angiotensin II and norepinephrine interactions in blood pressure regulation . J Hypertens 4:S42-S44, 1986 (suppl 5) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Reid IA: Interactions between angiotensin II, sympathetic nervous system, and baroreceptor reflexes in regulation of blood pressure. Am J Physiol262:E763-E778,1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Montani J-P. , Liard JF, et al: Hemodynamic effects of exogenous and endogenous vasopressin at low plasma concentrations in conscious dogs. Circ Res 47:346-355, 1980 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Warden DJ, Ferris TF: Renin secretion in renal hypertension. Lanceti:159-162, 1970 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Watkins LJ, Burton JA, Haber E., et al: The renin aldosterone system in congestive heart failure in conscious dogs. J Clin Invest57:1606-1617, 1976 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Hirsch AT, Dzau VT: Tissue renin-angiotensin systems: Insights regarding the pathophysiology of heart failure. Heart Failure7:59-78, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Sweet CS, Emmert SE, Stabilito II, Ribeiro Lgt: Increased survival in rats with congestive heart failure treated with enalapril . Pharmacol 10:636-642, 1987 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Kjekshus J. , Swedberg K., Snapinn S.: Effects of enalapril on long term mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 69:103-107,1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Leffan RJ, Goldberg ME, High JP, et al: Antihypertensive activity of SQ 14 225, an orally active inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme. Fed Proc36:1049, 1977 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Hodsman GP, Zabludowski JR, Zoccali C., et al: Enalapril (MK 421) and its lysine analogue (MK 521): A comparison of acute and chronic effects on blood pressure, renin-angiotensin system and sodium excretion in normal man. Brit J Clin Pharmacol17:233-241, 1984 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Owens GK: Differential effects of antihypertensive drug therapy on vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy, hyperploidy and hyperplasia in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Circ Res56:525-536, 1985 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Khairallah PA , Robertson AL, Davila D.: Effects of angiotensin II on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, in Hypertension '72. Genest J, Koiw E (eds): Berlin, Germany Springer-Verlag , pp 212-220, 1972 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Morgan HE, Baker KM: Cardiac hypertrophy: Mechanical, neural and endocrine dependence. Circulation83:13-25, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Yang Hyt, Erdos EG, Levin Y.: A dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase that converts angiotensin I and inactivates bradykinin. Biochim Biophys Acta214:374-376, 1970 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Regoli D., Barabé J.: Pharmacology of bradykinin and related kinins. Pharmacol Rev32:1-46, 1980 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Montague D. , Rosas R., Bohr DF: Bradykinin: Vascular relaxant, cardiac stimulant . Science 141:907, 1963 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Klickstein LB, Kaempfer CE, Wintroub BU: The granulocyte angiotensin system: Angiotensin I converting activity of cathepsin G. J Biol Chem357:1504-1506, 1982 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Okunishi H. , Miyazaki M., Toda N.: Evidence for a putatively new angiotensin II-generating enzyme in the vascular wall. J Hypertens 2:277-284, 1984 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Urata H., Kinoshita A., Misono KS, et al: Identification of a highly specific chymase as the major angiotensin-IIforming enzyme in the human heart. J Biol Chem265:22348-22357, 1990 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Tang SS, Loscalzo J., Dzau VJ: Tissue plasminogen activatore activates renin angiotensin in vitro . J Vasc Med Biol 1:67-74,1989 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Whitebread S., Mele M., Kamber B., De Gasparo M.: Preliminary biochemical characterization of two angiotensin II receptor subtypes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun163:284-291, 1989 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Timmermans Pbmwm, Benfield P., Chiu AT, et al: Angiotensin II receptors and functional correlates. Am J Hypertens5:2215-2355, 1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Bumpus FM, Catt KJ, Chiu AT, et al: Nomenclature for angiotensin receptors. Hypertension17:720-723, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Chiu AT, Herblin WF, Ardecky RJ, et al: Identification of angiotensin II receptor subtypes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun165:196-203, 1989 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Sasamura H. , Hein L., Krieger J., et al: Cloning, characterization, and expression of two angiotensin receptor (AT-1) isoforms from the mouse genome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 185:253-259, 1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Iwai N., Inagami T.: Identification of two subtypes in the rat type 1 angiotensin II receptor . 298:257-260, 1992 (FEBS lett) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Viswanathan M., Tsutsumi K., Correa Fma, Saavedra JM: Changes in expression of angiotensin receptor subtypes in the rat aorta during development . Biochem Biophys Res Commun 170:1361-1367, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Pratt RE, Wang D., Hein L., Dzau VJ: The AT2 isoform of the angiotensin receptor mediates myointimal hyperplasia following vascular injury. Hypertension20:432, 1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Ondetti MA, Rubin B., Cushman DW: Design of specific inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme: A new class of orally active antihypertensive agents. Science196:441-444, 1977 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Gavras H., Brunner HR, Turini GA, et al: Antihypertensive effect of oral angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitore SQ 14 225 in man. N Engl J Med298:991-995, 1978 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Laffan RJ, Goldberg ME, High JP, et al: Antihypertensive activity of SQ 14 225, an orally active inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Fed Proc36:1049, 1977 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Leonetti G. , Cuspidi C.: Choosing the right ACE inhibitor . Drugs 49:516-535, 1995 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Goldstein RJ : The treatment of moderate to severe hypertension with ACE-inhibitors. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 15:S29-S35, 1990 (suppl 2) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Enalapril Congestive Heart Failure Investigators : Long-term effect of enalapril in congestive heart failure: A multicenter placebo-controlled trial. Heart Failure 3:102-107, 1987 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | TheCONSENSUS Trial Study Group: Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure: Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study. N Engl J Med316:1429-1435,1987 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Cruickshank JM, Lewis J., Moore V., et al: Reversibility of left ventricular hypertrophy by differing types of antihypertensive therapy . J Hum Hypertens 6:85-90, 1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Konstam MA, Rousseau MF, Kronenberg MW, et al: Effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril, on the long-term progression of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with heart failure. Circulation86:431-438, 1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Kasiske BL, Kalis Rsv, Ma JR, et al: Effect of antihypertensive therapy on the kidney in patients with diabetes: A meta-regression analysis. Ann Intern Med118:129-138, 1993 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Wee PM, Epstein M.: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and progression of non-diabetic chronic renal disease. Arch Intern Med153:1479-1489, 1993 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Scholkens BA : Kinins in the cardiovascular system. Immunopharmacol 33:209-216, 1996 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Orfan NR, Patterson MS, Dykewicz: Severe angioedema related to ACE inhibition in patients with a history of idiopathic angioedema. JAMA265:1287-1289, 1990 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Alderman CP : Adverse effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Ann Pharmacother 30:55-61, 1996 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Karlberg BE : Cough and inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-system . J Hypertens 11:S49-S52, 1993 (suppl 11) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Ravid D., Lishner M., Lang R., Ravid M.: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and cough: A prospective evaluation in hypertension and in congestive heart failure. J Clin Pharmacol34:1116-1120, 1994 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Beto JA, Bansal VK: Quality of life in treatment of hypertension: Metaanalysis of clinical trials . J Hypertens 5:125-133,1992 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Brunner HR, Nussberger J., Waeber B.: Angiotensin II blockade compared with other pharmacological methods of inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. J Hypertens11:S53-S58, 1993 (suppl 3) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Camenzind E. , Nussberger J., Juillerat L., et al: Effect of the renin response during renin inhibition: Oral Ro 42-5892 in normal humans. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 18:299-307, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Jeunemaitre X., Menard J., Nussberger J., et al: Plasma angiotensins, renin, and blood pressure during acute renin inhibition by CGP 38560A in hypertensive patients . Am J Hypertens 2:819-827,1989 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Pals DT, Mascucci FD, Denning GS, et al: Role of the pressor action of angiotensin II in experimental hypertension. Circ Res29:673-681, 1971 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Case DB, Wallace JM, Laragh JH: Comparison between saralasin and converting enzyme inhibitor in hypertensive disease. Kidney15:S107-S114, 1979 (suppl 9) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Nicholls MG , Charles CJ, Crozier IG, et al: Blockade of the renin angiotensin system. J Hypertens 12:S95-S103, 1994 (suppl) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Timmermans Pbmwm, Wong PC, Chiu AT, et al: Angiotensin II receptors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Pharmacol Rev45:205-251, 1993 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Carini DJ, Duncia JV, Aldrich PE, et al: Nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists: the discovery of a series of n-(biphenylmethyl)imidazoles as potent, orally-active antihypertensives . J Med Chem 34:2525-2547, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Blankley CJ , Hodges JC, Kultchko SR, et al: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor binding inhibitors specific for the AT2 subtype. J Med Chem 34:3248-3260, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Chai SY, Zhuo J., Mendelsohn FA: Localization of components of the renin-angiotensin system and site of action of inhibitors. Arzneimittelforschung43:214-221, 1993 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Cody RJ: The clinical potential of renin inhibitors and angiotensin antagonists . Drugs 47:586-598, 1994 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Duncia JV, Chiu AT, Carini DJ, et al: The discovery of potent nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists: A new class of potent antihypertensives. J Med Chem33:1312-1329,1990 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Goa KL, Wagstaff AJ: Losartan potassium. Drugs51:820-845, 1996 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Waldmeier F. , Flesch G., Muller P., et al: Pharmakokinetic, disposition and biotransformation of [14C]-radiolabeled valsartan in healthy male volunteers after a single oral dose. Xenobiotica 27:51-71, 1997 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Gradman AH, Arcuri KE, Goldberg AI, et al: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel study of various doses of losartan potassium compared with enalapril maleate in patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension25:1345-1350,1995 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Mallion J-M. , Bradstreet DC, Makris L., et al: Antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of once daily losartan potassium compared with captopril in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. J Hypertens 13:S35-S41, 1995 (suppl 1 ) |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Tikkanen I. , Omvik P., Jensen HÆ, et al: Comparison of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril in patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension 13:1343-1351, 1995 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Pitt B., Segal R., Martinez FA, et al: Randomised trial of losartan versus captopril in patients over 65 with heart failure (Evaluation of Losartan in the Elderly Study, ELITE) . Lancet 349:747-752,1997 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Awan NA, Mason DT: Direct selective blockade of the vascular angiotensin II receptors in therapy for hypertension and severe congestive heart failure. Am Heart J131:177-185, 1996 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Campbell DJ , Kladis A., Valentjin AJ: Effects of losartan on angiotensin and bradykinin peptides and angiotensin converting enzyme. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 26:233-240, 1995 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Goldberg AI , Dunlay MC, Sweet CS: Safety and tolerability of losartan potassium, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, compared with hydrochlorothiazide, atenolol, felodipine ER, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 75:793-795, 1995 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Koepke JP, Bovy PR, McMahon EG, et al: Central and peripheral actions of a nonpeptidergic angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Hypertension15:841-847, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Goldberg MR , Bradstreet TE, Mcwilliams EJ, et al: Biochemical effects of losartan, a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 25:37-46, 1995 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Jaiswal N., Tallant EA, Diz DI, et al: Subtype 2 angiotensin receptors mediate prostaglandin synthesis in human sterocytes. Hypertension17:1115-1120, 1991 |
| Библиографическая ссылка | Quan ML, Chiu AT, Ellis CD, et al: Balanced AT1/AT2 receptor antagonists. 4 XR510 0 and related 5-(3-amidopropanoyl)imidazoles possessing equal affinity for the AT1 and AT2 receptors. J Med Chem38:2938-2945, 1995 |
