| Автор | Ohnaka, Mitiyasu |
| Автор | Yamashita, Teruo |
| Дата выпуска | 1989 |
| dc.description | To understand constitutive behavior near the rupture front during an earthquake source shear failure along a preexisting fault in terms of physics, local breakdown processes near the propagating tip of the slipping zone under mode II crack growth condition have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. A physically reasonable constitutive relation between cohesive stress τ and slip displacement D, τ = (τ<sub>i</sub> − τ<sub>d</sub>)[1 + α log (1 + βD)] exp (−<sub>η</sub>D) + τ<sub>d</sub>, is put forward to describe dynamic breakdown processes during earthquake source failure in quantitative terms. In the above equation, τ<sub>i</sub> is the initial shear stress on the verge of slip, τ<sub>d</sub> is the dynamic friction stress, and α, β, and η are constants. This relation is based on the constitutive features during slip failure instabilities revealed in the careful laboratory experiments. These experiments show that the shear stress first increases with ongoing slip during the dynamic breakdown process, the peak stress is attained at a very (usually negligibly) small but nonzero value of the slip displacement, and then the slip‐weakening instability proceeds. The model leads to bounded slip acceleration and stresses at and near the dynamically propagating tip of the slipping zone along the fault in an elastic continuum. The dynamic behavior near the propagating tip of the slipping zone calculated from the theoretical model agrees with those observed during slip failure along the preexisting fault much larger than the cohesive zone. The model predicts that the maximum slip acceleration be related to the maximum slip velocity and the critical displacement D<sub>c</sub> by , where k is a numerical parameter, taking a value ranging from 4.9 to 7.2 according to a value of τ<sub>i</sub>/τ<sub>p</sub> (τ<sub>p</sub> being the peak shear stress) in the present model. The model further predicts that be expressed in terms of and the cut off frequency f<sub>max</sub><sup>s</sup> of the power spectral density of the slip acceleration on the fault plane as and that in terms of D<sub>c</sub> and f<sub>max</sub><sup>s</sup> as . These theoretical relations agree well with the experimental observations and can explain interrelations between strong motion source parameters for earthquakes. The pulse width of slip acceleration on the fault plane is directly proportional to the time T<sub>c</sub> required for the crack tip to break down, and f<sub>max</sub><sup>s</sup> is inversely proportional to T<sub>c</sub>. |
| Формат | application.pdf |
| Копирайт | Copyright 1989 by the American Geophysical Union. |
| Тема | GEODESY AND GRAVITY |
| Тема | Seismic cycle related deformations |
| Тема | SEISMOLOGY |
| Тема | Earthquake dynamics |
| Название | A cohesive zone model for dynamic shear faulting based on experimentally inferred constitutive relation and strong motion source parameters |
| Тип | article |
| DOI | 10.1029/JB094iB04p04089 |
| Electronic ISSN | 2156-2202 |
| Print ISSN | 0148-0227 |
| Журнал | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
| Том | 94 |
| Первая страница | 4089 |
| Последняя страница | 4104 |
| Выпуск | B4 |
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