| Автор | Webb, Sharon L. |
| Автор | Dingwell, Donald B. |
| Дата выпуска | 1990 |
| dc.description | The stress‐strain rate relationships of four silicate melt compositions (high‐silica rhyolite, andesite, tholeiitic basalt, and nephelinite) have been studied using the fiber elongation method. Measurements were conducted in a stress range of 10–400 MPa and a strain rate range of 10<sup>−6</sup> to 10<sup>−3</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. The stress‐strain rate relationships for all the melts exhibit Newtonian behavior at low strain rates, but non‐Newtonian (nonlinear stress‐strain rate) behavior at higher strain rates, with strain rate increasing faster than the applied stress. The decrease in calculated shear viscosity with increasing strain rate precedes brittle failure of the fiber as the applied stress approaches the tensile strength of the melt. The decrease in viscosity observed at the high strain rates of the present study ranges from 0.25 to 2.54 log<sub>10</sub> Pa s. The shear relaxation times τ of these melts have been estimated from the low strain rate, Newtonian, shear viscosity, using the Maxwell relationship τ = η<sub>s</sub>/G<sub>∞</sub>. Non‐Newtonian shear viscosity is observed at strain rates ( ε˙=time−1) equivalent to time scales that lie 3 log<sub>10</sub> units of time above the calculated relaxation time. Brittle failure of the fibers occurs 2 log<sub>10</sub> units of time above the relaxation time. This study illustrates that the occurrence of non‐Newtonian viscous flow in geological melts can be predicted to within a log<sub>10</sub> unit of strain rate. High‐silica rhyolite melts involved in ash flow eruptions are expected to undergo a non‐Newtonian phase of deformation immediately prior to brittle failure. |
| Формат | application.pdf |
| Копирайт | Copyright 1990 by the American Geophysical Union. |
| Тема | Silicate Melts and Mantle Petrogenesis (in Memory of Christopher M. Scarfe) |
| Тема | GEODESY AND GRAVITY |
| Тема | Rheology of the lithosphere and mantle |
| Тема | MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY |
| Тема | Mineralogy, Petrology, and Rock Chemistry: Igneous petrology |
| Тема | PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCKS |
| Тема | Fracture and flow |
| Тема | STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY |
| Тема | Rheology: crust and lithosphere |
| Тема | Rheology: general |
| Тема | Rheology: mantle |
| Тема | TECTONOPHYSICS |
| Тема | Rheology: crust and lithosphere |
| Тема | Rheology: general |
| Тема | Rheology: mantle |
| Тема | Stresses: crust and lithosphere |
| Тема | Stresses: deep‐seated |
| Тема | Stresses: general |
| Тема | VOLCANOLOGY |
| Тема | Physics and chemistry of magma bodies |
| Название | Non‐Newtonian rheology of igneous melts at high stresses and strain rates: Experimental results for rhyolite, andesite, basalt, and nephelinite |
| Тип | article |
| DOI | 10.1029/JB095iB10p15695 |
| Electronic ISSN | 2156-2202 |
| Print ISSN | 0148-0227 |
| Журнал | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
| Том | 95 |
| Первая страница | 15695 |
| Последняя страница | 15701 |
| Выпуск | B10 |
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