Автор |
Doyle, Laurance R. |
Автор |
Dunham, Edward T. |
Автор |
Deeg, Hans‐Jörg |
Автор |
Blue, J. Ellen |
Автор |
Jenkins, Jon M. |
Дата выпуска |
1996 |
dc.description |
The detection of terrestrial‐sized extrasolar planets from the ground has been thought to be virtually impossible due to atmospheric scintillation limits. However, we show that this is not the case for specially selected (but nevertheless main sequence) stars, namely small eclipsing binaries. For the smallest of these systems, CM Draconis, several months to a few years of photometric observations with 1‐m‐class telescopes will be sufficient to detect the transits of any short‐period planets of sizes ≥1.5 Earth radii (R<sub>E</sub>), using cross‐correlation analysis with moderately good photometry. Somewhat larger telescopes will be needed to extend this detectability to terrestrial planets in larger eclipsing binary systems. (We arbitrarily define “terrestrial planets” herein as those whose disc areas are closer to that of Earth's than Neptune's i.e., less than about 2.78 R<sub>E</sub>.) As a “spin‐off” of such observations, we will also be able to detect the presence of Jovian‐mass planets without transits using the timing of the eclipse minima. Eclipse minima will drift in time as the binary system is offset by a sufficiently massive planet (i.e., one Jupiter mass) about the binary/giant‐planet barycenter, causing a periodic variation in the light travel time to the observer. We present here an outline of present observations taking place at the University of California Lick Observatory using the Crossley 0.9‐m telescope in collaboration with other observatories (in South Korea, Crete, France, Canary Islands, and New York) to detect or constrain the existence of terrestrial planets around main sequence eclipsing binary star systems, starting with CM Draconis. We demonstrate the applicability of photometric data to the general detection of gas giant planets via eclipse minima timings in many other small‐mass eclipsing binary systems as well. |
Формат |
application.pdf |
Копирайт |
Copyright 1996 by the American Geophysical Union. |
Тема |
Detection of Extrasolar Planets |
Тема |
ELECTROMAGNETICS |
Тема |
Signal processing and adaptive antennas |
Тема |
PLANETARY SCIENCES: FLUID PLANETS |
Тема |
Planetology: Fluid Planets: Origin and evolution |
Тема |
PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS |
Тема |
Planetology: Solar System Objects: Stellar planetary systems |
Тема |
RADIO SCIENCE |
Тема |
Signal processing |
Тема |
SOLAR PHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, AND ASTRONOMY |
Тема |
Stellar astronomy |
Название |
Ground‐based detectability of terrestrial and Jovian extrasolar planets: Observations of CM Draconis at Lick Observatory |
Тип |
article |
DOI |
10.1029/96JE00825 |
Electronic ISSN |
2156-2202 |
Print ISSN |
0148-0227 |
Журнал |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets |
Том |
101 |
Первая страница |
14823 |
Последняя страница |
14829 |
Выпуск |
E6 |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Backman, D. E., F. C.Gillett, IRAS statistics on main sequence stellar IR excesses and models of circumstellar particle clouds, Bioastronomy: The Next StepsG.Marx, 93–99, Kluwer Acad., Norwell, Mass., 1988. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Boss, A. P., Proximity of Jupiter‐like planets to low‐mass stars, Science, 267, 360–362, 1995. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Brancewicz, H. K., T. Z.Dworak, A catalogue of parameters for eclipsing binaries, Acta Astron., 30, 501–524, 1980. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Brandmeier, S., L. R.Doyle, Simulation of planetary transits in eclipsing binary star systems, Circumstellar Habitable Zones: Proceedings of the First International ConferenceL. R.Doyle, 251–266Travis House, Menlo Park, Calif., 1996. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Donnison, J. R., D. F.Mikulskis, Three‐body orbital stability criteria for circular orbits, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 254, 21–26, 1992. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Doyle, L. R., J. M.Jenkins, H.‐J.Deeg, E.Martin, J.Schneider, M.Chevreton, E.Paleologou, N.Kylafis, W.‐B.Lee, E.Dunham, D.Koch, E.Blue, D.Toublanc, Z.Ninkov, C.Sterken, Ground‐based observations to detect terrestrial and Jovian planets around CM Draconis, Bull. Am. Astron. Soc., 27, 105, 1995. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Dunham, E. W., Optical instrumentation for airborne astronomy, Airborne Astronomy Symposium on the Galactic EcosystemM. R.Haas, J. A.Davidson, E. F.Erikson, 517–522Astron. Soc. of the Pac., San Francisco, Calif., 1995. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Gilliland, R. L., T. M.Brown, Limits to CCD ensemble photometry precision, and prospects for asteroseismology, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., 104, 582–591, 1992. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Hertz, P., K. S.Wood, L.Cominsky, Eclipse timings of the low‐mass X‐ray binary EXO 0748–676: Statistical arguments against orbital period changes, Astrophys. J., 438, 385–393, 1995. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Jenkins, J. M., L. R.Doyle, D. K.Cullers, A matched‐filter method for ground‐based sub‐noise detection of extrasolar planets in eclipsing binaries: Application to CM Draconis, Icarus, 119, 244–260, 1996. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Lacy, C. H., Absolute dimensions and masses of the remarkable spotted dM4e eclipsing binary flare star CM Draconis, Astrophys. J., 218, 444–460, 1977. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Lomb, N. R., Least‐squares frequency analysis of unequally spaced data, Astrophys. Space Sci., 39, 447–462, 1976. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Mayor, M., D.Queloz, 51 Pegasi, IAU Circ., 6251, Int. Astron. Union, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 1995. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Metcalfe, T. S., R. D.Mathieu, D. W.Latham, G.Torres, The low‐mass double‐lined eclipsing binary CM Draconis: A test of the primordial helium abundance and the mass‐radius relation near the bottom of the main sequence, Astrophys. J., 456, 356–366, 1996. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Safronov, V. S., E. L.Ruskol, Formation and evolution of planets, Astrophys. Space Sci., 212, 13–22, 1994. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Schneider, J., On the occultations of a binary star by a circum‐orbiting dark companion, Planet. Space Sci., 42, 539–544, 1994. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Schneider, J., M.Chevreton, The photometric search for Earth‐sized extrasolar planets by occultation in binary systems, Astron. Astrophys., 232, 251–257, 1990. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Schneider, J., L. R.Doyle, Ground‐based detection of terrestrial‐sized extrasolar planets: The case for CM Draconis, Earth Moon Planets, 71, 153–173, 1995. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Stevenson, D. J., The search for brown dwarfs, Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys., 29, 163–193, 1991. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Young, A., R. M.Genet, L. J.Boyd, W. J.Borucki, G. W.Lockwood, G. W.Henry, D. S.Hall, D. P.Smith, S. L.Baliunas, R.Donahue, D. H.Epand, Precise automatic differential stellar photometry, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., 103, 221–242, 1991. |