Автор |
Lauer, Thomas W. |
Автор |
Peacock, Eileen |
Дата выпуска |
1990 |
dc.description |
Within the cognitive sciences, two taxonomies for classifying questions have been proposed (Graesser, Lang, & Horgan,1988; Lehnert, 1978). Both have neglected to include a category for comparison questions. We provide a definition of comparison questions and show how they related to the semantic categories of the two taxonomies. We present examples of comparison questions posed by auditors who are attempting to learn about a company during the initial stages of an audit. Comparison questions are particularly important to auditors because they uncover discrepencies and they focus the auditors’ search for information. Auditors are concerned with diagnosing the financial health of a company on the basis of symptoms and financial indicators of the company's performance. These critical comparisons involve comparison in performance of a company over time and comparison between a company and industrial averages. The auditor's use of comparison questions is closely linked to the diagnostic process. |
Формат |
application.pdf |
Издатель |
Taylor & Francis Group |
Копирайт |
Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC |
Название |
An analysis of comparison questions in the context of auditing |
Тип |
research-article |
DOI |
10.1080/01638539009544763 |
Electronic ISSN |
1532-6950 |
Print ISSN |
0163-853X |
Журнал |
Discourse Processes |
Том |
13 |
Первая страница |
349 |
Последняя страница |
361 |
Аффилиация |
Lauer, Thomas W.; School of Business Administration, Oakland University |
Аффилиация |
Peacock, Eileen; Oakland University |
Выпуск |
3 |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Anderson, J. R. and Bower, G. H. 1973. Human associative memory, New York: Wiley. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Biggs, S. F. and Mock, T. J. 1983. An investigation of auditor decision processes in the evaluation of internal controls and audit scope decisions. Journal of Accounting Research, 21: 234–255. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Biggs, S. F. and Wild, J. J. 1985. An investigation of auditor judgment in analytical review. Accounting Review, 60: 607–633. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Bouwman, M. J. 1982. “The use of accounting information: Expert versus novice behavior”. In Decision making: An interdisciplinary inquiry, Edited by: Ungson, G. R. and Braunstein, D. N. Boston: Kent Publishing. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Bouwman, M. J. 1983. Human diagnostic reasoning by computer: An illustration from financial analysis. Management Science, 29: 653–672. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Bouwman, M. J., Frishkoff, P. A. and Frishkoff, P. 1987. How do financial analysts make decisions? A process model of the investment screening decision. Accounting, Organizations, and Society, 12: 1–29. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Davis, R. 1983. “Diagnostic reasoning based on structure and behavior”. In Qualitative reasoning about physical systems, Edited by: Bobrow, D. G. Boston: MIT Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Einhorn, H. J. and Hogarth, R. M. 1981. Behavioral decision theory: Processes of judgment and choice. Annual Review of Psychology, 32: 53–88. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Einhorn, H. J. and Hogarth, R. M. 1982. Prediction, diagnosis, and causal thinking in forecasting. Journal of Forecasting, 1: 23–36. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Felix, W. L. and Kinney, W. R. 1982. Research in the auditor's opinion formulation process: State of the art. Accounting Review, 57: 245–271. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Galbraith, J. R. 1973. Organizational design: An information processing view, Reading, MA: Addison‐Wesley. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Graesser, A. C., Lang, K. and Horgan, D. 1988. A taxonomy for question generation. Questioning Exchange, 2(1): 3–15. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Johnson, P. E., Duran, A. S., Hassebrock, F., Moller, J., Prietula, M., Feltovich, P. J. and Swanson, D. B. 1981. Expertise and error in diagnostic reasoning. Cognitive Science, 5: 235–283. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Lehnert, W. G. 1978. The process of question answering, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Miller, G. A. 1979. “Images and models, similes and metaphors”. In Metaphor and thought, Edited by: Ortony, A. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Milne, R. 1987. Strategies for diagnosis. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC‐17: 333–339. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Olson, G. M., Duffy, S. A. and Mack, R. L. 1985. “Question‐asking as a component of text comprehension”. In The psychology of questions, Edited by: Graesser, A. C. and Black, J. B. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Rosch, E. 1977. “Classification of real‐world objects: Origins and representations in cognition”. In Thinking: Readings in cognitive science, Edited by: Johnson‐Laird, P. N. and Wason, P. C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Schwartz, H. S. 1987. On the psychodynamics of organizational totalitarianism. Journal of Management, 13: 41–54. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Tulving, E. and Thomson, D. M. 1973. Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80: 352–373. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Tversky, A. 1977. Features of similarity. Psychological Review, 84: 327–352. |