AbstractPalmér, R. 1982. A Longitudinal Study of the Social Adjustment of Mentally Retarded Adults in Sweden. A Discussion of Methodological Problems and Preliminary Results. Scandinavian Journal of Research 26, 197‐209. In connection with an interdisciplinary research project, 1966‐1971, a differential psychological survey of about one hundred mentally retarded young people in the 18‐25 age‐group was carried out. About ten years later a follow‐up investigation began. Initially the central concern was to clarify the meaning of social adjustment in middle age. Essential components of this variable include objectively observable facts such as work and living situation, but also adaptive behaviour and the individual's perception of himself and his situation. Methodological problems are examined in broader theoretical perspective. One conclusion is that we should seek access to individual perceptions and experiences ‐ of which handicap awareness is a vital component ‐ via relatively unstructured conversations and interviews. This part of the study can then be developed into a consciously hermeneutic approach. Preliminary results of analysis are discussed.