Автор |
Batty, Michael |
Дата выпуска |
1994 |
dc.description |
AbstractThe application of computer models of land use and transportation that began over 30 years ago still provides the best example of how a science of planning might be developed. The tension between theory and practice that has always been an integral part of the movement provides a mirror in which we can explore many of the limits to our science and art. Here we provide a chronology of developments, identifying how formal theories and new technologies have enriched our abilities to learn about the nature of planning, but also demonstrating an urgent need for new urban theories and models with which to explore current problems. |
Формат |
application.pdf |
Издатель |
Taylor & Francis Group |
Копирайт |
Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC |
Название |
A Chronicle of Scientific Planning: The Anglo-American Modeling Experience |
Тип |
research-article |
DOI |
10.1080/01944369408975546 |
Electronic ISSN |
1939-0130 |
Print ISSN |
0194-4363 |
Журнал |
Journal of the American Planning Association |
Том |
60 |
Первая страница |
7 |
Последняя страница |
16 |
Выпуск |
1 |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Allen, P. M. 1979. Dynamic Urban Models., Cambridge, MA: U.S. Department of Transportation. Contract TSC-1185 |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Alonso, W. 1964. Location and Land Use., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Amano, K., Toda, T. and Abe, H. 1984. An Activity Location Model for the OSAKA Metropolitan Area. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University, 46: 62–76. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Anas, A. 1982. Residential Location Markets and Urban Transportation., New York: Academic Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Anjomani, A. 1989. Effects of Growth on Expenditures and Revenue of Selected Cities in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan Region. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 13: 255–67. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Barra, T. de la. 1989. Integrated Land Use Transport Modelling., Cambridge, , UK: Cambridge University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Barras, R. 1975. A Spatial Interaction Model of Cleveland, London: Centre for Environmental Studies. PRAG Technical Paper 11, Planning Research Applications Group |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Batey, P. W.J. and Madden, M. 1982. Demographic-Economic Forecasting within an Activity-Commodity Framework. Environment and Planning A, 13: 1067–83. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Batty, M. 1969. The Impact of a New Town. Journal of the Town Planning Institute, 55: 428–35. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Batty, M. 1976. Urban Modelling., Cambridge, , UK: Cambridge University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Batty, M. 1991a. New Technology and Planning. Town Planning Review, 62: 269–94. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Batty, M. 1991b. “Cities as Fractals”. In Fractals and Chaos, Edited by: Crilly, T., Earnshaw, R. A. and Jones, H. 41–69. New York: Springer-Verlag. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Batty, M. 1992. Urban Modeling in Computer-Graphic and Geographic Information System Environments. Environment and Planning B, 19: 689–708. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Baxter, R., Echenique, M. and Owers, J. 1975. Urban Development Models., Lancaster, , UK: The Construction Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Bertuglia, C. S. and al, et. 1987. Urban Systems., London: Croom Helm. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Bertuglia, C. S., Leonardi, G. and Wilson, A. G. 1990. Urban Dynamics., London: Routledge. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Birkin, M. 1990. “Elements of a Model-Based Geographic Information System for the Evaluation of Urban Policy”. In Geographic Information Systems, Edited by: Worrall, L. 132–62. London: Belhaven Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Boyce, D. E. 1988. Renaissance of Large-Scale Models. Papers of the Regional Science Association, 65: 1–10. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Boyce, D. E. 1990. “Network Equilibrium Models of Urban Location and Travel Choices: A New Research Agenda”. In New Frontiers in Regional Science, Edited by: Chatterji, M. and Kuenne, R. E. 238–56. London: Macmillan. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Boyce, D. E., Day, N. D. and McNald, C. D. 1970. Metropolitan Plan-Making., Philadelphia, PA: Regional Science Research Institute. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Brail, R. K. 1987. Microcomputers in Urban Planning and Management., New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Brewer, G. 1973. Bureaucrats, Politicians and the Consultant., New York: Basic Books. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Brotchie, J. F., Dickey, J. W. and Sharpe, R. 1980. TOPAZ., Berlin: Springer-Verlag. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Catanese, A. J. and Steiss, A. W. 1970. Systemic Planning., Lexington, MA: Heath Lexington. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Chadwick, G. F. 1971. A Systems View of Planning., Oxford, , UK: Pergamon Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Chapin, F. S. and Weiss, S. F. 1968. A Probabilistic Model of Residential Growth. Transportation Research, 2: 375–90. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Couclelis, H. 1991. Geographically Informed Planning. Papers in Regional Science, 70: 9–20. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Cripps, E. L. and Foot, D. H.S. 1968. Evaluating Alternative Strategies. Official Architecture and Planning, 31: 928–38. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Crosby, R. W. 1983. Cities and Regions as Nonlinear Decision Systems., Boulder, CO: Westview Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Dendrinos, D. S. 1980. Catastrophe Theory in Urban and Transport Analysis., Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of Systems Engineering, RSPA. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Dendrinos, D. S. and Sonis, M. 1990. Turbulence and Socio-Spatial Dynamics., New York: Springer-Verlag. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Densham, P. 1991. “Spatial Decision Support Systems”. In Geographical Information Systems, Edited by: Maguire, D. J., Goodchild, M. F. and Rhind, D. W. 403–12. London: Longmans. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
DOE. 1973. Using Models in Structure Planning., London: Department of the Environment, HMSO. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Echenique, M. 1983. “The Use of Planning Models in Developing Countries”. In Urban and Regional Policy Analysis in Developing Countries, Edited by: Chatterji, L. and Nijkamp, P. 115–58. Aldershot, Hampshire, , UK: Gower Publishing Company. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Faludi, A. 1971. A Reader in Planning Theory., Oxford, , UK: Pergamon Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Foot, D. H.S. 1981. Operational Urban Models., London: Methuen. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Forrester, J. W. 1969. Urban Dynamics., Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
French, S. P. and Wiggins, L. L. 1990. California Planning Agency Experiences with Automated Mapping and Geographic Information Systems. Environment and Planning B, 17: 441–50. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Geddes, P. 1915. Cities in Evolution., London: Williams and Norgate. (1949 Edition) |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Goldner, W. 1971. The Lowry Model Heritage. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 37: 100–110. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Greenberger, M., Crenson, M. A. and Crissey, B. L. 1976. Models in the Policy Process., New York: Russell Sage Foundation. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. 1965. New Tools for Planning. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 31: 90–95. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. 1967. The City of the Future. Papers of the Regional Science Association, 19: 185–95. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. 1972. “A Model of Household Locational Preferences”. In Recent Developments in Regional Science, Edited by: Funck, R. 63–79. London: Pion Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. 1985. Urban Simulation Models in Regional Science. Journal of Regional Science, 25: 545–68. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. 1989. Beyond Geographic Information Systems. Journal of the American Planning Association, 55: 85–89. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. 1994. The Real Issues Concerning Lee's “Requiem.“. Journal of the American Planning Association, this issue |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. and Batty, M. 1993. Locational Models, Geographic Information and Planning Support Systems. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 12: 184–98. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Harris, B. and Wilson, A. G. 1978. Equilibrium Values and Dynamics of Attractiveness Terms in Production-Constrained Spatial Interaction Models. Environment and Planning A, 10: 371–88. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Herbert, J. D. and Stevens, B. H. 1960. A Model for the Distribution of Residential Activity in Urban Areas. Journal of Regional Science, 2: 21–36. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Hill, D. 1965. A Growth Allocation Model for the Boston Region. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 31: 111–120. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Hutchinson, B. G. 1975. Tools for Urban Land Use Strategy Planning. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2: 85–92. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Hutchinson, B. G. and Batty, M. 1986. Advances in Urban Systems Modelling., Amsterdam: North Holland. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Huxhold, W. E. 1991. An Introduction to Urban Geographic Information Systems., New York: Oxford University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Ingram, G. K., Kain, J. F. and Ginn, J. R. 1972. The Detroit Prototype of the NBER Urban Simulation Model., New York: National Bureau of Economic Research and Columbia University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Kain, J. F. and Apgar, W. C. 1985. Housing and Neighborhood Dynamics., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Karlqvist, A., Lundqvist, L. and Snickars, F. 1975. Dynamic Allocation of Urban Space., Lexington, MA: Saxon House. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Kim, T. J. 1989. Integrated Urban Systems Modelling., Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Kim, T. J., Wiggins, L. L. and Wright, J. R. 1990. Expert Systems: Applications to Planning., New York: Springer-Verlag. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Klosterman, R. E. 1992. Evolving Views of Computer-Aided Planning. Journal of Planning Literature, 6: 249–60. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Klosterman, R. E., Brail, R. K. and Bossard, E. G. 1993. Spreadsheet Models for Urban and Regional Analysis., New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Landis, J. 1994. The Californian Urban Futures Model: A New Generation of Metropolitan Simulation Models Environment and Planning B: forthcoming |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Lee, D. B. 1973. Requiem for Large-Scale Models. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 39: 163–78. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Lowry, I. S. 1964. A Model of Metropolis., Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation, RM-4035-RC. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Mackett, R. 1983. The Leeds Integrated Land Use/Transport Model (LILT), Crowthorne, Berkshire, , UK: The Transport and Road Research Laboratory. Supplementary Report 805 |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Maguire, D. J., Goodchild, M. F. and Rhind, D. W. 1991. Geographical Information Systems., London: Longmans. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Martin, L. and March, L. 1972. Urban Space and Structures., Cambridge, , UK: Cambridge University Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Masser, I. 1972. Analytical Models for Urban and Regional Planning., Newton Abbott, , UK: David and Charles. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Masser, I. and Brown, P. J.B. 1978. Spatial Interaction and Spatial Representation., Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Social Sciences Division. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
McFadden, D. 1978. “Modeling the Choice of Residential Location”. In Spatial Interaction Theory and Planning Models, Edited by: Karlqvist, A., Lundqvist, L., Snickars, F. and Weibull, J. 105–142. Amsterdam: North Holland. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
McLoughlin, J. B. 1969. Urban and Regional Planning., London: Faber and Faber. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Newton, P. W. and Taylor, M. A.P. 1986. Microcomputers for Local Government Planning and Management., Melbourne, , Australia: Hargreen Publishing Company. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Newton, P. W., Taylor, M. A.P. and Sharpe, R. 1988. Desktop Planning., Melbourne, , Australia: Hargreen Publishing Company. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Nijkamp, P. and Reggiani, A. 1992. Interaction, Evolution and Chaos in Space., Berlin: Springer-Verlag. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Oppenheim, N. 1980. Applied Models in Urban and Regional Planning., Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Pack, J. R. 1978. Urban Models: Diffusion and Policy Applications., Philadephia, PA: Regional Science Research Institute. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Perraton, J. and Baxter, R. 1973. Models, Systems and Evaluations for Planners., Lancaster, , UK: The Construction Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Putman, S. 1983. Integrated Urban Models., London: Pion Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Putman, S. 1992. Integrated Urban Models 2., London: Pion Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Ross, W. B. 1967. “Opening Statement”. In Urban Development Models, Edited by: Hemmens, G. C. 21–23. Washington, DC: Highway Research Board. Special Report 97 |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Schlager, K. J. 1965. A Land Use Plan Design Model. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 31: 103–111. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Webster, F. V., Bly, P. H. and Paulley, N. J. 1988. Urban Land-Use and Transport Interaction., Aldershot, Berkshire, , UK: Avebury. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Wegener, M. 1982. A Multilevel Economic-Demographic Model for the Dortmund Subregion. Sistemi Urbani, 4: 371–401. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Wegener, M. 1994. Operational Urban Models: State of the Art. Journal of the American Planning Association, this issue |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Wegener, M., Mackett, R. L. and Simmonds, D. C. 1991. One City, Three Models: Comparisons of Land Use/Transport Policy Simulation Models for Dortmund. Transport Reviews, 11: 107–129. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Wilson, A. G. 1970. Entropy in Urban and Regional Modelling., London: Pion Press. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Wilson, A. G. 1974. Urban and Regional Models in Geography and Planning., London: John Wiley. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Wilson, A. G. 1981. Catastrophe Theory and Bifurcation., London: Croom Helm. |
Библиографическая ссылка |
Wilson, A. G. and al, et. 1981. Optimization in Location and Transport Analysis., Chichester, , UK: John Wiley. |