ABSTRACTRecent reviews (Ones, Viswesvaren, & Schmidt, 1993) have demonstrated that honesty tests are valid predictors of theft and other forms of counterproductive behavior. Research has also shown that such tests are significantly correlated with measures of conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism; three of the “Big-Five” traits (Sacket & Wanek, 1996). While these traits do predict work performance, it is not clear that they can be utilized to assess potential for counterproductive behavior. A sample of 218 retail sales employees completed the conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism scales of the NEO Five Factor Inventory (NFFI). These results were correlated with workplace theft, absenteeism, tardiness, lack of cooperation, and other forms of counterproductive behavior. Results indicated that these three “Big-Five” traits, especially conscientiousness, can be used to predict theft, absenteeism, tardiness, lack of cooperation, taking long breaks, and excess socializing. Furthermore, they possess several advantages over traditional tests of honesty commonly used in the retail industry.