Based on the deformation theory of plasticity the problem of pressure distribution in a compressed layer at phase transition experiencing a plane plastic deformation is considered. It is found that in the pressure distribution near the phase boundaries anomalies emerge in the form of a “step” or a local maximum caused by volume jumps at phase transition. It is shown that these anomalies and differences in yield limits of the phases can lead to essential change of pressure in the center of the layer in comparison with its value in absence of phase transition, but under equal external load. The maximal value of external load admitting the considered solution is found. The kinetics of possible isothermal regimes of phase transition leading to change in the time-pressure distribution in the plastic layer is investigated.